CHAPTER 13-Christianity established-Sixth Persecution-Second Century - CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD
CHAPTER 13-Christianity established-Sixth Persecution-Second Century
Q. On what occasion did Marcus Aurelius give the Christians some respite?
A. Marcus Aurelius gave the Christians some respite on the occasion of the miracle of the thundering legion. He was waging war against the people of Germany; his army was caught in a defile, and hemmed in on every side by the enemy; the heat was excessive, and the Roman army on the point of perishing with thirst.
Q. How were they saved?
A. The thundering legion, composed of Christians, fell upon their knees, and by their fervent prayers obtained an abundant rain, sufficient for the whole army and for their beasts. At the same time hail, accompanied with thunder, fell in torrents upon the enemy, who fled in disorder, throwing away their arms.
Q. Did Marcus Aurelius show his gratitude for this?
A. Marcus Aurelius, to testify his gratitude, put a stop to the persecution; and to perpetuate the remembrance of this miracle, raised at Rome a monument which still exists. But shortly after, instigated by the devil, he renewed the persecution against the Christians.
Q. Where was this new persecution the most violent?
A. This new persecution was the most violent in Gaul. The city of Lyons was flooded with the blood of the martyrs. The principal martyrs were St. Pothin, bishop of Lyons, who, over ninety years of age, was seized, maltreated, and thrust into a narrow prison, where he died two days after; and Maturus and Sanctus, who, after having been exposed to the fury of the beasts for the amusement of the people, were placed in a chair of iron heated red hot, and beheaded. The other principal martyrs were Attala, Alexander, Blandina, and Ponticus, a youth of fifteen.
Q. Who was Blandina?
A. Blandina was a female slave, very timid, and of a delicate constitution ; but our Saviour endowed her with such fortitude, that she fatigued her very executioners. To every question put to her, she simply replied: " I am a Christian; no crime is committed amongst us."
Q. In what manner did she finally receive the crown of martyrdom?
A. She was exposed in a sack of network to a furious cow, which tossed her in the air, and greatly mangled her whole body, after which she was put to death. Ponticus, encouraged by St. Blandina, bravely underwent the various degrees of martyrdom, and consummated his sacrifice by the sword.
Q. Were there other martyrs in Gaul?
A. Yes, there were. The city of Autun witnessed the death of St. Symphorian, a young man distinguished not less by his birth than by his learning and excellent qualities. Heraclius, the governor of the province, had him apprehended, and demanded of him what was his profession and his name. He replied: " I am a
Christian." The governor employed caresses, promises, and threats, by turns, to make him sacrifice to the gods, but finding all his efforts useless, he commanded his head to be struck off.
Q. What happened to the saint whilst he was conducted to execution?
A. Whilst he was conducted to execution, his mother, more venerable for her virtue than for her age, cried aloud to him from the walls of the city: " Symphorian, my son, look up to heaven, have courage, and fear not death, which is the way to eternal life."
Q. Had religion to encounter other enemies?
A. Religion had other enemies to encounter. The philosophers and heretics were leagued together against her. But God was her support: she spread over the whole earth, notwithstanding all the obstacles opposed to her progress.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE
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CHAPTER 14-Christianity established-Seventh Persecution-Third Century - CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD
CHAPTER 14-Christianity established-Seventh Persecution-Third Century - CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
Q. How did the third century commence?
A. The third century commenced with a still more violent and general war against the church. The philosophers and heretics united with the executioners for its destruction. But God provided for its defence: to the philosophers and heretics he opposed two able apologists; to the persecutors a multitude of martyrs. The two great apologists were Tertullian and Origen.
Q. Who was Tertullian?
A. Tertullian was a priest of Carthage; he was born in that city in the year 160 after our Saviour ; he was the son of a centurion. On his arrival at Rome, he published his Apologetic, that is, a defence of the Christians, and laid it before the magistrates of the empire. This work gave the death blow to paganism.
Q. What work did he publish against heretics?
A. After having confounded the pagans, Tertullian turned his pen against heretics, and refuted all heresies, past, present, and future, in work entitled Prescriptions.
Q. By what reasoning?
A. By this simple reasoning: The true church must ascend without interruption up to Jesus Christ; but the Catholic Church alone does ascend without interruption to Jesus Christ; therefore the Catholic Church alone is the true church.
Q. Did Tertullian persevere?
A. Tertullian had the misfortune finally to fall into considerable errors; but this does not detract from the truth and merit of his works written before his fall.
Q. Who was Origen?
A. Origen was born at Alexandria, in the year 185 of our Saviour. He was the son of the holy martyr Leonidas. Devoted early to study, and gifted with a powerful genius, he became one of the most brilliant lights of the church; he triumphantly refuted Celsus, one of the most dangerous enemies of religion. Origen also fell into some errors, but it appears that he did not continue in them.
Q. Which was the seventh general persecution?
A. The seventh general persecution was that of Septimius Severus. From the beginning of the year 200, this cruel prince published an edict of proscription, and blood flowed freely in every part of the empire.
Q. Who were the first martyrs of this persecution?
A. The first martyrs of this persecution were St. Perpetua and St. Felicitas, and their companions. These saints were of Carthage. Perpetua, aged 22, was of a noble family, married, and mother of an infant which she herself nursed at the time. Felicitas was a slave, and also married. They were apprehended by order of the pro-consul Hilarion.
Q. What did the father of St. Perpetua do?
A. The father of St. Perpetua, who was a heathen, went immediately and implored her to renounce her faith, and not cause him to die of grief; the pro-consul also joined in his entreaties. Her only answer was, " I am a Christian."
Q. What happened then?
A. The martyrs were conducted to prison, where the jailor, touched by their virtues, was converted. The eve of their death they were allowed a free supper this was a repast given to the martyrs in a hall open to the public. A great number of persons assembled in the hall, where the martyrs addressed them with great piety and firmness, and many were converted.
Q. What punishment did these martyrs suffer?
A. On the morrow the holy martyrs were conducted to the amphitheatre, where three of them were exposed to wild beasts: St. Perpetua and St. Felicitas were enclosed in sacks of network and exposed to a furious cow, which tossed and bruised them horribly. But the people, wishing to enjoy the death of the martyrs, demanded that they should be put to death in the amphitheatre. The martyrs received the blow of death without a murmur, and without the slightest emotion.
to download, print (pdf) : https://gloria.tv/post/7jCqWqA7HFLo2tktH2uQjfmn2
Q. How did the third century commence?
A. The third century commenced with a still more violent and general war against the church. The philosophers and heretics united with the executioners for its destruction. But God provided for its defence: to the philosophers and heretics he opposed two able apologists; to the persecutors a multitude of martyrs. The two great apologists were Tertullian and Origen.
Q. Who was Tertullian?
A. Tertullian was a priest of Carthage; he was born in that city in the year 160 after our Saviour ; he was the son of a centurion. On his arrival at Rome, he published his Apologetic, that is, a defence of the Christians, and laid it before the magistrates of the empire. This work gave the death blow to paganism.
Q. What work did he publish against heretics?
A. After having confounded the pagans, Tertullian turned his pen against heretics, and refuted all heresies, past, present, and future, in work entitled Prescriptions.
Q. By what reasoning?
A. By this simple reasoning: The true church must ascend without interruption up to Jesus Christ; but the Catholic Church alone does ascend without interruption to Jesus Christ; therefore the Catholic Church alone is the true church.
Q. Did Tertullian persevere?
A. Tertullian had the misfortune finally to fall into considerable errors; but this does not detract from the truth and merit of his works written before his fall.
Q. Who was Origen?
A. Origen was born at Alexandria, in the year 185 of our Saviour. He was the son of the holy martyr Leonidas. Devoted early to study, and gifted with a powerful genius, he became one of the most brilliant lights of the church; he triumphantly refuted Celsus, one of the most dangerous enemies of religion. Origen also fell into some errors, but it appears that he did not continue in them.
Q. Which was the seventh general persecution?
A. The seventh general persecution was that of Septimius Severus. From the beginning of the year 200, this cruel prince published an edict of proscription, and blood flowed freely in every part of the empire.
Q. Who were the first martyrs of this persecution?
A. The first martyrs of this persecution were St. Perpetua and St. Felicitas, and their companions. These saints were of Carthage. Perpetua, aged 22, was of a noble family, married, and mother of an infant which she herself nursed at the time. Felicitas was a slave, and also married. They were apprehended by order of the pro-consul Hilarion.
Q. What did the father of St. Perpetua do?
A. The father of St. Perpetua, who was a heathen, went immediately and implored her to renounce her faith, and not cause him to die of grief; the pro-consul also joined in his entreaties. Her only answer was, " I am a Christian."
Q. What happened then?
A. The martyrs were conducted to prison, where the jailor, touched by their virtues, was converted. The eve of their death they were allowed a free supper this was a repast given to the martyrs in a hall open to the public. A great number of persons assembled in the hall, where the martyrs addressed them with great piety and firmness, and many were converted.
Q. What punishment did these martyrs suffer?
A. On the morrow the holy martyrs were conducted to the amphitheatre, where three of them were exposed to wild beasts: St. Perpetua and St. Felicitas were enclosed in sacks of network and exposed to a furious cow, which tossed and bruised them horribly. But the people, wishing to enjoy the death of the martyrs, demanded that they should be put to death in the amphitheatre. The martyrs received the blow of death without a murmur, and without the slightest emotion.
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CHAPTER 15-Christianity established-Eighth and ninth persecutions-Third Century
CHAPTER 15-Christianity established-Eighth and ninth persecutions-Third Century.
Q. Who was the author of the eighth general persecution ?
A. The author of the eighth general persecution was Decius. The most illustrious martyr during this persecution was St. Pionius of Smyrna he was a priest, and a disciple of St. Polycarp. To all the questions of the judge, he simply replied : " I am a Christian and a child of the Catholic Church."
Q. What torments had he to suffer?
A. After suffering all kinds of torments, he was condemned to be burnt alive; but having prayed, he quietly expired without a single hair of his head being burnt.
Q. Who were some of the other martyrs?
A. During this persecution occurred the martyrdom of a child named Cyril, who, in ascending the pile on which he was to be burnt, asked the attendants to join with him in singing canticles at his happiness. In Sicily, St.Agatha was also martyred, who, although young, of a noble family, and the heiress of a great fortune, preferred to renounce all rather than her faith.
Q. Who was the author of the ninth general persecution?
A. The author of the ninth general persecution was Valerian. He put to death a great number of Christians, and among others the Pope St. Sixtus II. On his way to martyrdom, St. Lawrence, a deacon of the church of Rome, asked him, with many tears, whither he was going without him? The Pope replied, " You shall follow me in three days." The prediction was accomplished.
Q. What did the prefect of Rome demand of him?
A. The prefect of Rome, having arrested St. Lawrence, demanded of him the treasures of the church. The saint assembled all the poor whom the church supported, and said to the prefect: "These are the treasures of Christians." The judge, being furious, caused Lawrence to be placed on a gridiron over a slow fire. The saint appeared as easy as on his bed; he prayed for the conversion of Rome, and sweetly expired.
He was soon followed by St. Cyprian.
Q. Who was St. Cyprian?
A. St. Cyprian was bishop of Carthage, and son of one of the first senators of that city. After having succoured the pagans, who were visited by the plague, he was apprehended and condemned to lose his head. The saint, on hearing his sentence, replied: " God be praised." And after having prayed for his church he received the fatal blow.
to download : https://gloria.tv/post/7SJpGH9Vyfut1Dxm9Zvdare1H
Q. Who was the author of the eighth general persecution ?
A. The author of the eighth general persecution was Decius. The most illustrious martyr during this persecution was St. Pionius of Smyrna he was a priest, and a disciple of St. Polycarp. To all the questions of the judge, he simply replied : " I am a Christian and a child of the Catholic Church."
Q. What torments had he to suffer?
A. After suffering all kinds of torments, he was condemned to be burnt alive; but having prayed, he quietly expired without a single hair of his head being burnt.
Q. Who were some of the other martyrs?
A. During this persecution occurred the martyrdom of a child named Cyril, who, in ascending the pile on which he was to be burnt, asked the attendants to join with him in singing canticles at his happiness. In Sicily, St.Agatha was also martyred, who, although young, of a noble family, and the heiress of a great fortune, preferred to renounce all rather than her faith.
Q. Who was the author of the ninth general persecution?
A. The author of the ninth general persecution was Valerian. He put to death a great number of Christians, and among others the Pope St. Sixtus II. On his way to martyrdom, St. Lawrence, a deacon of the church of Rome, asked him, with many tears, whither he was going without him? The Pope replied, " You shall follow me in three days." The prediction was accomplished.
Q. What did the prefect of Rome demand of him?
A. The prefect of Rome, having arrested St. Lawrence, demanded of him the treasures of the church. The saint assembled all the poor whom the church supported, and said to the prefect: "These are the treasures of Christians." The judge, being furious, caused Lawrence to be placed on a gridiron over a slow fire. The saint appeared as easy as on his bed; he prayed for the conversion of Rome, and sweetly expired.
He was soon followed by St. Cyprian.
Q. Who was St. Cyprian?
A. St. Cyprian was bishop of Carthage, and son of one of the first senators of that city. After having succoured the pagans, who were visited by the plague, he was apprehended and condemned to lose his head. The saint, on hearing his sentence, replied: " God be praised." And after having prayed for his church he received the fatal blow.
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CHAPTER 16 - Christianity established - Tenth persecution - Third and fourth centuries
CHAPTER 16 - Christianity established - Tenth persecution - Third and fourth centuries - CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON ....Download, print, and above all share !to be continued
Q. How did God punish the Emperor Valerian?
A. Like all the other persecutors, the Emperor Valerian was punished in a very striking manner. He was made prisoner by Sapor, king of Persia, who obliged him to stoop down and serve as a footstool for him whenever he mounted his horse; he afterwards caused him to be skinned alive, painted the skin red, and hung it up in one of the temples of his gods.
Q. Which was the tenth general persecution?
A. The tenth general persecution was that of Diocletian. This cruel prince associated with himself in the government of the empire, Maximian, Galerius, and Constantius Chlorus. All of them, except the last, were bitter enemies of the Christians.
Q. What was the martyrdom of the Theban Legion?
A. Maximian had in his army a legion composed entirely of Christians. They were all veterans, and came from the east and the neighbourhood of Thebes, in Egypt ; for this reason they were called the Theban Legion, and consisted of about ten thousand men. Maximian, having arrived near Geneva in Switzerland,
ordered them to sacrifice to the gods: upon their refusal, he caused them all to be massacred.
Q. In what manner did God come to the assistance of his church?
A. At the moment when the Christians were going to be attacked more violently than ever, God sent into the desert holy men to pray, like Moses, and obtain victory for the Christians. These holy men were St. Paul, the first hermit, and St. Anthony and his disciples.
Q. Who was St. Paul?
A. St. Paul, the first hermit, was born in Egypt in 229. At the age of twenty-two he retired into the desert, where he used a cave for a dwelling, the palm leaves for clothing, and the fruit of the palm for food. At the age of fortythree the Lord fed him miraculously, as he formerly fed Elias ; he lived in the exercise of prayer and penance to the age of 113. When he died, two lions came and scratched a hole, in which St. Anthony buried him with the hymns and prayers of the church. St. Anthony kept the habit of the saint, which was made of palm leaves, and wore it only on the solemn festivals of Easter and Pentecost.
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Q. How did God punish the Emperor Valerian?
A. Like all the other persecutors, the Emperor Valerian was punished in a very striking manner. He was made prisoner by Sapor, king of Persia, who obliged him to stoop down and serve as a footstool for him whenever he mounted his horse; he afterwards caused him to be skinned alive, painted the skin red, and hung it up in one of the temples of his gods.
Q. Which was the tenth general persecution?
A. The tenth general persecution was that of Diocletian. This cruel prince associated with himself in the government of the empire, Maximian, Galerius, and Constantius Chlorus. All of them, except the last, were bitter enemies of the Christians.
Q. What was the martyrdom of the Theban Legion?
A. Maximian had in his army a legion composed entirely of Christians. They were all veterans, and came from the east and the neighbourhood of Thebes, in Egypt ; for this reason they were called the Theban Legion, and consisted of about ten thousand men. Maximian, having arrived near Geneva in Switzerland,
ordered them to sacrifice to the gods: upon their refusal, he caused them all to be massacred.
Q. In what manner did God come to the assistance of his church?
A. At the moment when the Christians were going to be attacked more violently than ever, God sent into the desert holy men to pray, like Moses, and obtain victory for the Christians. These holy men were St. Paul, the first hermit, and St. Anthony and his disciples.
Q. Who was St. Paul?
A. St. Paul, the first hermit, was born in Egypt in 229. At the age of twenty-two he retired into the desert, where he used a cave for a dwelling, the palm leaves for clothing, and the fruit of the palm for food. At the age of fortythree the Lord fed him miraculously, as he formerly fed Elias ; he lived in the exercise of prayer and penance to the age of 113. When he died, two lions came and scratched a hole, in which St. Anthony buried him with the hymns and prayers of the church. St. Anthony kept the habit of the saint, which was made of palm leaves, and wore it only on the solemn festivals of Easter and Pentecost.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 17
CHAPTER 17- Christianity established- Tenth persecution continued- Fourth Century - CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON ....Download, print, and above all share !to be continued
Q. What was St. Anthony?
A. St. Anthony was the father of the Cenobites. Cenobites are those religious who live in community, and Anchorites are those who live separately in cells. St. Anthony was born in Egypt in 251. After the death of his parents, he gave all his goods to the poor and retired within the desert of Thebais, where he lived during forty years, after which he consented to receive disciples; the number of them became so great that he built monasteries to receive them.
Q. When did this happen?
A. This happened about the year 303, when the Emperor Diocletian published his most furious edict of persecution against the church. St. Anthony had much to suffer in the desert from the devil, who made violent assaults upon him; but the saint put him to flight, simply by the sign of the cross. He often recommended to his disciples the use of this wholesome sign, and also watchfulness over themselves, prayer, and the thought of eternity.
Q. To what age did St. Anthony attain?
A. St. Anthony attained the age of 105 without having any infirmity. When dying, he gave to St.Athanasius his cloak and one ofhis sheep skins; the other sheep skin he gave to the Bishop Serapion, and his chalice to his disciples: this was all his property. He went sweetly to sleep in the Lord.
Q. Who was St. Syncletica?
A. St. Syncletica was descended of a noble and virtuous family ; she possessed a great fortune, but after the death of her parents she distributed it all to the poor, and retired into a solitude not far from Alexandria, where she first established monasteries for women in the East. The saint, after suffering from a severe malady, died, aged eighty-seven years.
Q. Why has God established religious orders?
A. God has established religious orders to preserve and propagate Christianity. The contemplative orders whom we see shut up in monasteries, devoted to the exercises of prayer, fasting, and mortification, have for their object:
1st, to pray for Christians who live in the world, and to expiate the sins of the world;
2nd, to preserve the practice of the gospel in its primitive purity.
Q. What remark do you make on the establishment of religious orders?
A. I remark that they were founded at the moment when Christians began to relax in piety, and depart from the practice of the primitive virtues. Providence wished to preserve in the world models of the exemplary life led by our fathers in the faith. For this reason, the life and even the dress of religious remind us of the life, manners, and customs of the first Christians.
dowload link : https://gloria.tv/post/NgBD34FqtcD21FYswLKskbJyF
Q. What was St. Anthony?
A. St. Anthony was the father of the Cenobites. Cenobites are those religious who live in community, and Anchorites are those who live separately in cells. St. Anthony was born in Egypt in 251. After the death of his parents, he gave all his goods to the poor and retired within the desert of Thebais, where he lived during forty years, after which he consented to receive disciples; the number of them became so great that he built monasteries to receive them.
Q. When did this happen?
A. This happened about the year 303, when the Emperor Diocletian published his most furious edict of persecution against the church. St. Anthony had much to suffer in the desert from the devil, who made violent assaults upon him; but the saint put him to flight, simply by the sign of the cross. He often recommended to his disciples the use of this wholesome sign, and also watchfulness over themselves, prayer, and the thought of eternity.
Q. To what age did St. Anthony attain?
A. St. Anthony attained the age of 105 without having any infirmity. When dying, he gave to St.Athanasius his cloak and one ofhis sheep skins; the other sheep skin he gave to the Bishop Serapion, and his chalice to his disciples: this was all his property. He went sweetly to sleep in the Lord.
Q. Who was St. Syncletica?
A. St. Syncletica was descended of a noble and virtuous family ; she possessed a great fortune, but after the death of her parents she distributed it all to the poor, and retired into a solitude not far from Alexandria, where she first established monasteries for women in the East. The saint, after suffering from a severe malady, died, aged eighty-seven years.
Q. Why has God established religious orders?
A. God has established religious orders to preserve and propagate Christianity. The contemplative orders whom we see shut up in monasteries, devoted to the exercises of prayer, fasting, and mortification, have for their object:
1st, to pray for Christians who live in the world, and to expiate the sins of the world;
2nd, to preserve the practice of the gospel in its primitive purity.
Q. What remark do you make on the establishment of religious orders?
A. I remark that they were founded at the moment when Christians began to relax in piety, and depart from the practice of the primitive virtues. Providence wished to preserve in the world models of the exemplary life led by our fathers in the faith. For this reason, the life and even the dress of religious remind us of the life, manners, and customs of the first Christians.
dowload link : https://gloria.tv/post/NgBD34FqtcD21FYswLKskbJyF
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE-COURSE THIRD-CHAPTER 19-Christianity established-Tenth persecution continued-Fourth Century
Q. What is the history of St. Phocas?
A. St. Phocas was a gardener, and his simplicity and innocence of manners were truly patriarchal. His garden and his thatched cabin afforded him the means of doing charity, and exercising hospitality. The governor of the province sent some soldiers to put him to death. Having arrived without knowing it at the house of Phocas, who entertained them for the night, they asked him where they could find Phocas, whom they had orders to kill. In the morning he said to them, " I have found Phocas; I am he ; I do not fear death." They killed him.
Q. What was the martyrdom of St. Taracus, St. Probus, and St. Andronicus?
A. St. Taracus was an old soldier, and sixty- five years of age when he was apprehended. St. Probus was very rich, but he renounced all in order the better to serve God. St. Andronicus was a young man of one of the first families in Ephesus. They were all three carried before Maximus, the governor of Cilicia, who asked their names and their professions. They replied,"We are Christians; that is our name and our profession."
Q. What punishment did he make them suffer?
A. He caused their teeth to be broken out, their sides to be torn with iron points, their hands to be pierced with red-hot nails, and the skin to be torn from their heads, on which were placed burning coals. Finding that he could not conquer them, he condemned them to be exposed to wild beasts.
Q. How did they die?
A. The day of the show or spectacle a bear and a lioness of enormous size were loosed against them. The roaring of the beasts made the very spectators tremble, but the two beasts gently approached the martyrs, and crouching down before them, licked their feet. The tyrant, being confounded, ordered their heads to be struck off. The Christians carried away the bodies during the night and interred them.
Q. What was the martyrdom of St. Agnes and St. Eulalia?
A. Whilst the blood of the martyrs was flowing in the east, it also be dewed the provinces of the west. Two young virgins of illustrious birth, and heiresses to large fortunes, obtained a glorious victory. The first was St. Agnes, who was scarcely thirteen. The governor of Rome having demanded her in marriage for his son, she replied that she was already promised to a heavenly spouse. By this it was known she was a Christian; and, without being at all moved by the appalling sight of the instruments of death, she tranquilly received the blow a midst the tears of the spectators.
Q. Who was St. Eulalia?
A. St. Eulalia was born at Merida in Spain. Aged about thirteen, she presented herself of her own accord before Dacian, the governor of the province, and reproached him for the impiety that made him wish to destroy the true religion. Dacian caused her to be torn in the side with red-hot hooks. The saint counted her wounds and said tranquilly, " They write your name upon me, Lord; they engrave your victories upon my body. How I love to read such writing!" She was burnt alive.
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A. St. Phocas was a gardener, and his simplicity and innocence of manners were truly patriarchal. His garden and his thatched cabin afforded him the means of doing charity, and exercising hospitality. The governor of the province sent some soldiers to put him to death. Having arrived without knowing it at the house of Phocas, who entertained them for the night, they asked him where they could find Phocas, whom they had orders to kill. In the morning he said to them, " I have found Phocas; I am he ; I do not fear death." They killed him.
Q. What was the martyrdom of St. Taracus, St. Probus, and St. Andronicus?
A. St. Taracus was an old soldier, and sixty- five years of age when he was apprehended. St. Probus was very rich, but he renounced all in order the better to serve God. St. Andronicus was a young man of one of the first families in Ephesus. They were all three carried before Maximus, the governor of Cilicia, who asked their names and their professions. They replied,"We are Christians; that is our name and our profession."
Q. What punishment did he make them suffer?
A. He caused their teeth to be broken out, their sides to be torn with iron points, their hands to be pierced with red-hot nails, and the skin to be torn from their heads, on which were placed burning coals. Finding that he could not conquer them, he condemned them to be exposed to wild beasts.
Q. How did they die?
A. The day of the show or spectacle a bear and a lioness of enormous size were loosed against them. The roaring of the beasts made the very spectators tremble, but the two beasts gently approached the martyrs, and crouching down before them, licked their feet. The tyrant, being confounded, ordered their heads to be struck off. The Christians carried away the bodies during the night and interred them.
Q. What was the martyrdom of St. Agnes and St. Eulalia?
A. Whilst the blood of the martyrs was flowing in the east, it also be dewed the provinces of the west. Two young virgins of illustrious birth, and heiresses to large fortunes, obtained a glorious victory. The first was St. Agnes, who was scarcely thirteen. The governor of Rome having demanded her in marriage for his son, she replied that she was already promised to a heavenly spouse. By this it was known she was a Christian; and, without being at all moved by the appalling sight of the instruments of death, she tranquilly received the blow a midst the tears of the spectators.
Q. Who was St. Eulalia?
A. St. Eulalia was born at Merida in Spain. Aged about thirteen, she presented herself of her own accord before Dacian, the governor of the province, and reproached him for the impiety that made him wish to destroy the true religion. Dacian caused her to be torn in the side with red-hot hooks. The saint counted her wounds and said tranquilly, " They write your name upon me, Lord; they engrave your victories upon my body. How I love to read such writing!" She was burnt alive.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 20-Christianity established-Divinity of Religion - Fourth Century
Q. What remark do you make on the history of the martyrs?
A. I remark that God chose the martyrs from all the different countries in the world, in order to show the unity and catholicity of the faith in all ages and conditions of life, thereby teaching us that every age and condition has given saints to heaven, and can still give them.
Q. What do you observe respecting the death of the persecutors?
A. Their death is a visible proof of the justice of God. The punishment they received whilst yet on earth teaches us to fear God; and this fear helps to strengthen religion. Thus martyrs and tyrants contribute, each in their way, to the glory of Jesus Christ.
Q. Who gave peace to the Church?
A. It was Constantine, son of Constantius Chlorus, that gave peace to the church. On the eve of a battle a luminous cross appeared in the heavens to Constantine and his whole army. On the middle of the cross there appeared these words: " In this sign shalt thou conquer." On the following night our Lord appeared to Constantine and ordered him to make a standard similar to that he had seen in the heavens, and promised him he should obtain the victory. Constantine obeyed and was victorious. He entered Rome, and declared himself the protector of the Christian religion, to which he granted peace and liberty in 313.
Q. What does the establishment of the church prove?
A. The establishment of the church proves the divinity of religion ; it was established despite all human power; therefore God is its author.
Q. How could we reason with the impious?
A. We could reason with the impious thus: The Christian religion was established by miracles, or without them-which do you choose? If you say it was established by miracles, then it is divine, it is true; because God cannot work miracles to authorize falsehood. If, on the contrary, you say that the Church was established without miracles, you admit the greatest of all miracles; for the universe converted by a dozen fishermen is the greatest of miracles.
Q. What has the church effected in becoming free?
A. The church, in becoming free, has changed legislation so as to render it mild and equitable;
she has abolished the severity of slavery, polygamy, divorce, the right to sell or destroy children; in a word, she has ameliorated the whole condition of man.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 20-Christianity established-Divinity of Religion - Fourth Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
A. I remark that God chose the martyrs from all the different countries in the world, in order to show the unity and catholicity of the faith in all ages and conditions of life, thereby teaching us that every age and condition has given saints to heaven, and can still give them.
Q. What do you observe respecting the death of the persecutors?
A. Their death is a visible proof of the justice of God. The punishment they received whilst yet on earth teaches us to fear God; and this fear helps to strengthen religion. Thus martyrs and tyrants contribute, each in their way, to the glory of Jesus Christ.
Q. Who gave peace to the Church?
A. It was Constantine, son of Constantius Chlorus, that gave peace to the church. On the eve of a battle a luminous cross appeared in the heavens to Constantine and his whole army. On the middle of the cross there appeared these words: " In this sign shalt thou conquer." On the following night our Lord appeared to Constantine and ordered him to make a standard similar to that he had seen in the heavens, and promised him he should obtain the victory. Constantine obeyed and was victorious. He entered Rome, and declared himself the protector of the Christian religion, to which he granted peace and liberty in 313.
Q. What does the establishment of the church prove?
A. The establishment of the church proves the divinity of religion ; it was established despite all human power; therefore God is its author.
Q. How could we reason with the impious?
A. We could reason with the impious thus: The Christian religion was established by miracles, or without them-which do you choose? If you say it was established by miracles, then it is divine, it is true; because God cannot work miracles to authorize falsehood. If, on the contrary, you say that the Church was established without miracles, you admit the greatest of all miracles; for the universe converted by a dozen fishermen is the greatest of miracles.
Q. What has the church effected in becoming free?
A. The church, in becoming free, has changed legislation so as to render it mild and equitable;
she has abolished the severity of slavery, polygamy, divorce, the right to sell or destroy children; in a word, she has ameliorated the whole condition of man.
Download, print, and above all share : https://gloria.tv/post/6fUMYkwVU8vF1W62MmixeRERN
CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 20-Christianity established-Divinity of Religion - Fourth Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 21 - Christianity preservedand propagated - Arius -St. Athanasius
Q. By what means does our Lord preserve and propagate religion ?
A. Our Lord preserves and propagates religion,
1st, by the priesthood ;
2nd, by the saints ;
3rd, by religious orders ;
4th, by the missions.
Q. Who are the first defenders of religion ?
A. The first defenders of religion are priests. For this reason the priest is charged to preach the truth, in order to oppose it to error ; to give good example, in order to oppose it to scandal ; to console man in his misfortunes, and thereby to prevent him from becoming miserable, as he was under paganism.
Q. Who are the next defenders of religion ?
A. The second defenders of religion are the great saints who have appeared from time to time, when the Church was threatened with the greatest evils and dangers. They are charged to defend the truth, give good example, and solace the miserable. Hence there are three kinds of saints, the apologists, the contemplatives, and those devoted to the sick. They always appear when their presence is most needed by the church.
Q. Who are the third ?
A. The third defenders of religion are the religious orders. They are, also, of three kinds. The learned orders, for the defence of the truth ; the contemplative, for good example and prayer ;and the charitable, to succour the afflicted. All these various means of defence are reducible to one, that is, the church ; for it is in the church, and by the church, that priests are consecrated and the saints and religious are formed.
Q. What are the means established by our Lord for the propagation of religion ?
A. The means established by our Lord for the propagation of religion are the missions, the effect of which is seen more especially when a nation or people have rendered themselves worthy to receive the faith, thereby winning new children to the Church and compensating for those she has lost.
Q. Did the church enjoy peace after the persecutions ?
A. After the persecutions the church did not enjoy peace ; for, like our Saviour, she must ever be exposed to new attacks. The first who rose up against the church was Arius, who dared to deny the divinity of our Lord. He was condemned in the general council of Nice and sent into exile, whence he returned only to die a cruel and shameful death.
Q. Who was at that time the defender of the truth?
A. The greatest defender of the truth against the Arians was St. Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria, in Egypt. He had much to suffer for the good cause during his life, which was very long. He died in the midst of his people, regretted by all, in the year 373 after Christ.
Q. How did our Lord repair the losses of his church?
A. The church has seen a great number of her children drawn into heresy. Our Lord con- soled her by the conversion of new people. St. Frumentius carried the light of the faith into Abyssinia, which embraced religion with great ardour. At the same time, a Christian slave converted the nation of the Iberians.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 21 - Christianity preservedand propagated - Arius -St. Athanasius - Fourth Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
A. Our Lord preserves and propagates religion,
1st, by the priesthood ;
2nd, by the saints ;
3rd, by religious orders ;
4th, by the missions.
Q. Who are the first defenders of religion ?
A. The first defenders of religion are priests. For this reason the priest is charged to preach the truth, in order to oppose it to error ; to give good example, in order to oppose it to scandal ; to console man in his misfortunes, and thereby to prevent him from becoming miserable, as he was under paganism.
Q. Who are the next defenders of religion ?
A. The second defenders of religion are the great saints who have appeared from time to time, when the Church was threatened with the greatest evils and dangers. They are charged to defend the truth, give good example, and solace the miserable. Hence there are three kinds of saints, the apologists, the contemplatives, and those devoted to the sick. They always appear when their presence is most needed by the church.
Q. Who are the third ?
A. The third defenders of religion are the religious orders. They are, also, of three kinds. The learned orders, for the defence of the truth ; the contemplative, for good example and prayer ;and the charitable, to succour the afflicted. All these various means of defence are reducible to one, that is, the church ; for it is in the church, and by the church, that priests are consecrated and the saints and religious are formed.
Q. What are the means established by our Lord for the propagation of religion ?
A. The means established by our Lord for the propagation of religion are the missions, the effect of which is seen more especially when a nation or people have rendered themselves worthy to receive the faith, thereby winning new children to the Church and compensating for those she has lost.
Q. Did the church enjoy peace after the persecutions ?
A. After the persecutions the church did not enjoy peace ; for, like our Saviour, she must ever be exposed to new attacks. The first who rose up against the church was Arius, who dared to deny the divinity of our Lord. He was condemned in the general council of Nice and sent into exile, whence he returned only to die a cruel and shameful death.
Q. Who was at that time the defender of the truth?
A. The greatest defender of the truth against the Arians was St. Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria, in Egypt. He had much to suffer for the good cause during his life, which was very long. He died in the midst of his people, regretted by all, in the year 373 after Christ.
Q. How did our Lord repair the losses of his church?
A. The church has seen a great number of her children drawn into heresy. Our Lord con- soled her by the conversion of new people. St. Frumentius carried the light of the faith into Abyssinia, which embraced religion with great ardour. At the same time, a Christian slave converted the nation of the Iberians.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 21 - Christianity preservedand propagated - Arius -St. Athanasius - Fourth Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 22 - Christianity preserved and propagated-St Hilary-St Martin...
Q. Who was St. Hilary ?
A. St. Hilary, bishop of Poitiers, was raised up by God to defend the Western church against Arianism at the same time that St. Athanasius defended the Eastern church against the same heresy.
Q. Who was the most illustrious disciple of St. Hilary ?
A. The most illustrious disciple of St. Hilary was the great St. Martin, son of a military tribune. St. Martin was obliged to embrace the profession of a soldier, but even there he failed not to practise every virtue, especially charity towards the poor: He afterwards attached himself to St. Hilary, founded the first monastery known in Gaul, was consecrated bishop of Tours, and converted a great number of pagans, which compensated the church for the children she had lost by Arianism.
Q. What was passing in the east at that time ?
A. Whilst St. Hilary was defending religion, and St. Martin propagating it in the west, the Emperor Julian the apostate endeavoured to reestablish paganism in the east.
Q. By what means ?
A. In order to destroy religion by a single blow, he undertook to give the lie to our Lord by rebuilding the temple of Jerusalem. He destroyed what remained of the old foundations, but in the act of placing the first stone of the new temple, a whirlwind of flames burst out of the earth and forced the workmen to fly. He renewed the attempt several times, but each time new flames bursting forth prevented the work, and he was obliged to abandon it.
Q. What effect had this miracle ?
A. This miracle, attested by a pagan author, filled the Catholics with joy, and enraged the apostate, who swore to avenge himself on Jesus Christ ; but he was mortally wounded in a battle, when, foaming with rage, he took with his hand the blood from his wound, and threw it towards the heavens, crying : " Thou has conquered, Galilean. " It was thus he called our Lord. These words were the last cry of expiring paganism.
Q. How did God sustain his church ?
A. God sustained his church thus : he himself confounded Julian the apostate, and then he raised up learned doctors who wrote against him as well as against Arianism, which from day to day was extending its ravages. Amongst these great doctors were St. Gregory Nazianzen and St. Basil the Great.
Q. Who was St. Gregory Nazianzen ?
A. St. Gregory was born at Nazianzen, a city of Cappadocia. He was trained to virtue by his parents, and sent to Athens to study, where he formed an intimate friendship with St. Basil. The fruit of this friendship, which should serve us as a model, was to guard them from bad example and aid their progress in virtue and science.
Q. What was the eulogium passed upon them ?
A. The eulogium passed upon them was, that they knew only two streets, the one that led to the church, and the other to the public schools. Gregory was elected Archbishop of Constantinople, where he had much to suffer from the heretics ; he retired into solitude, where he composed his beautiful works, which are the glory and treasure of the church.
Q. Who was St. Basil ?
A. St. Basil was of Cesarea in Cappadocia, of a family not less illustrious for its sanctity than for its nobility. Having reached amature age, he retired into solitude and founded many monasteries both of men and women, for whom he drew up a code of wise regulations. It is for this reason he is regarded as one of the four patriarchs of the religious life.
Q. Did he remain always in his solitude ?
A. He did not remain always in his solitude. Being, entirely against his wish, made bishop of Cesarea, he was one of the pillars of the church against Arianism ; he made the Emperor Valens tremble, and died at the age of fifty-one, so poor that he did not leave wherewith to erect a tombstone over his grave.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 22 - Christianity preserved and propagated-St Hilary-St Martin-St Gregory Nazianzen-St Basil-4th Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
A. St. Hilary, bishop of Poitiers, was raised up by God to defend the Western church against Arianism at the same time that St. Athanasius defended the Eastern church against the same heresy.
Q. Who was the most illustrious disciple of St. Hilary ?
A. The most illustrious disciple of St. Hilary was the great St. Martin, son of a military tribune. St. Martin was obliged to embrace the profession of a soldier, but even there he failed not to practise every virtue, especially charity towards the poor: He afterwards attached himself to St. Hilary, founded the first monastery known in Gaul, was consecrated bishop of Tours, and converted a great number of pagans, which compensated the church for the children she had lost by Arianism.
Q. What was passing in the east at that time ?
A. Whilst St. Hilary was defending religion, and St. Martin propagating it in the west, the Emperor Julian the apostate endeavoured to reestablish paganism in the east.
Q. By what means ?
A. In order to destroy religion by a single blow, he undertook to give the lie to our Lord by rebuilding the temple of Jerusalem. He destroyed what remained of the old foundations, but in the act of placing the first stone of the new temple, a whirlwind of flames burst out of the earth and forced the workmen to fly. He renewed the attempt several times, but each time new flames bursting forth prevented the work, and he was obliged to abandon it.
Q. What effect had this miracle ?
A. This miracle, attested by a pagan author, filled the Catholics with joy, and enraged the apostate, who swore to avenge himself on Jesus Christ ; but he was mortally wounded in a battle, when, foaming with rage, he took with his hand the blood from his wound, and threw it towards the heavens, crying : " Thou has conquered, Galilean. " It was thus he called our Lord. These words were the last cry of expiring paganism.
Q. How did God sustain his church ?
A. God sustained his church thus : he himself confounded Julian the apostate, and then he raised up learned doctors who wrote against him as well as against Arianism, which from day to day was extending its ravages. Amongst these great doctors were St. Gregory Nazianzen and St. Basil the Great.
Q. Who was St. Gregory Nazianzen ?
A. St. Gregory was born at Nazianzen, a city of Cappadocia. He was trained to virtue by his parents, and sent to Athens to study, where he formed an intimate friendship with St. Basil. The fruit of this friendship, which should serve us as a model, was to guard them from bad example and aid their progress in virtue and science.
Q. What was the eulogium passed upon them ?
A. The eulogium passed upon them was, that they knew only two streets, the one that led to the church, and the other to the public schools. Gregory was elected Archbishop of Constantinople, where he had much to suffer from the heretics ; he retired into solitude, where he composed his beautiful works, which are the glory and treasure of the church.
Q. Who was St. Basil ?
A. St. Basil was of Cesarea in Cappadocia, of a family not less illustrious for its sanctity than for its nobility. Having reached amature age, he retired into solitude and founded many monasteries both of men and women, for whom he drew up a code of wise regulations. It is for this reason he is regarded as one of the four patriarchs of the religious life.
Q. Did he remain always in his solitude ?
A. He did not remain always in his solitude. Being, entirely against his wish, made bishop of Cesarea, he was one of the pillars of the church against Arianism ; he made the Emperor Valens tremble, and died at the age of fifty-one, so poor that he did not leave wherewith to erect a tombstone over his grave.
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CATECHISM OF PERSEVERANCE - COURSE THIRD - CHAPTER 22 - Christianity preserved and propagated-St Hilary-St Martin-St Gregory Nazianzen-St Basil-4th Century - AN HISTORICAL, DOCTRINAL,MORAL, AND LITURGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE CATHOLIC RELIGION Translated from the French of Mgr Gaume by REV. F. B. JAMISON
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